Skip directly to search Skip directly to A to Z list Skip directly to navigation Skip directly to page options Skip directly to site content


Hot Topics of the Day|PHGKB
Search PHGKB:

Archive

Hot Topics of the Day are picked by experts to capture the latest information and publications on public health genomics and precision health for various diseases and health topics. Sources include published scientific literature, reviews, blogs and popular press articles.

Sign up MyPHGKB to receive the daily hot topic email alert.

Search Archive:
Archived Hot Topics of the Day By Date
58 hot topic(s) found with the query "Prematurity or preterm "

Leading Risk Factors for Congenital Deafness in the Context of Universal Neonatal Screening: Our Observations in a Four-Year Retrospective Study
A Paul et al, IJNS, February 2024 (Posted: Feb 05, 2024 11AM)

From the abstract: "We studied infants referred for diagnosis after screening between January 2018 and December 2021. Their medical history and neonatal hearing risk factors were assessed. Associations between factors were also analyzed. Sixty-six infants were included. A family history of deafness (47%), syndromic deafness (41%), intrauterine growth retardation or prematurity (19.7%), and prolonged NICU admission (18%) were the most observed factors. When analyzing according to these associations, family history of deafness and syndromic cases remained the most prevalent factors (74%), while only five cases (7.8%) presented with other neonatal risk factors only. The majority of congenital hearing loss cases are observed in infants with suspected genetic deafness. "

Mediating Factors in the Association of Maternal Educational Level With Pregnancy Outcomes: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
Tormod Rogne et al. JAMA Netw Open 2024 1 (1) e2351166 (Posted: Jan 12, 2024 6AM)

From the abstract: " Which pathways mediate the inequity in pregnancy health associated with low educational attainment? In this cohort study of more than 3 million individuals, an association between genetically estimated lower educational attainment and increased risk of ectopic pregnancy, hyperemesis gravidarum, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, preterm birth, and offspring low birth weight was observed. A sizeable portion of these associations were explained by targetable risk factors. These findings suggest that the association of socioeconomic inequalities with adverse pregnancy outcomes may be reduced by intervening for type 2 diabetes, body mass index, smoking, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and systolic blood pressure."

Newborn Screening for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency: Lessons Learned from Screening and Follow-Up of the Preterm Newborn Population
A Gaviglio et al, IJNS, December 2023 (Posted: Dec 18, 2023 8AM)

From the abstract: " Newborn screening (NBS) for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) by measurement of T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) successfully identifies newborns with SCID and severe T-cell lymphopenia, as intended. At the same time, NBS programs face the challenge of false positive results, with a disproportionately high number in the premature newborn population. This study evaluates TREC values and SCID screening outcomes in premature newborns and elucidates evidence-based SCID screening practices that reduce unnecessary follow-up activities in this population."

Deep representation learning identifies associations between physical activity and sleep patterns during pregnancy and prematurity.
Neal G Ravindra et al. NPJ Digit Med 2023 9 (1) 171 (Posted: Sep 29, 2023 7AM)

From the abstract: "In this study, we use physical activity data collected using a wearable device comprising over 181,944?h of data across N?=?1083 patients. Using a new state-of-the art deep learning time-series classification architecture, we develop a ‘clock’ of healthy dynamics during pregnancy by using gestational age (GA) as a surrogate for progression of pregnancy. We also develop novel interpretability algorithms that integrate unsupervised clustering, model error analysis, feature attribution, and automated actigraphy analysis, allowing for model interpretation with respect to sleep, activity, and clinical variables. "

Pregnant and Living with Sickle Cell Disease: A Push for Better Outcomes
NIH, September 2023 Brand (Posted: Sep 16, 2023 1PM)

From the website: " Experts say that medical advances in care and disease-modifying therapies have helped many people living with SCD survive well through their reproductive years. For parents-to-be, that means awareness is key. Individuals with SCD are at higher risk than the general population for preeclampsia, as Found discovered; but those with preeclampsia can go on to develop a condition called eclampsia, which can lead to seizures and even coma. People with SCD are also at higher risk for sepsis and blood clots. And there are risks for the fetus, such as lower-than-normal growth in the womb, preterm delivery, and stillbirth."

Using the methylome to predict pre-eclampsia
Tu’uhevaha J. Kaitu’u-Lino et al, Nature Medicine, August 28, 2023 (Posted: Aug 28, 2023 1PM)

From the abstract: "A blood test done in early pregnancy that measures cell-free DNA methylation could represent a novel way to predict the risk of preterm pre-eclampsia. Pre-eclampsia is a serious complication that imperils the lives of women and their unborn babies. Arising in 3–5% of pregnancies, it claims the lives of 60,000 pregnant women every year around the world. For every death, it is estimated that 50–100 women encounter permanent health ailments because of a pre-eclamptic pregnancy; pre-eclampsia is also associated with adverse fetal mortality and morbidity."

Limitations, concerns and potential: attitudes of healthcare professionals toward preimplantation genetic testing using polygenic risk scores
M Siermann et al, EJHG, March 20, 2023 (Posted: Mar 21, 2023 9AM)

We found that most healthcare professionals were concerned about the prematurity of introducing PGT-P into clinical practice. They had various ethical considerations, such as concerns related to validity and utility of PGT-P, limited embryos and options, and difficulties for prospective parents regarding comprehension and informed decision-making. Positive aspects were also identified, e.g., regarding reproductive autonomy and potential health benefits. Overall, most healthcare professionals considered that clinical implementation of PGT-P is premature.

Missed Cystic Fibrosis Newborn Screening Cases due to Immunoreactive Trypsinogen Levels below Program Cutoffs: A National Survey of Risk Factors
M Kharrazi et al, IJNS, October 27, 2022 (Posted: Oct 31, 2022 9AM)

This survey aimed to find factors associated with missed CF cases due to IRT levels below program cutoffs. Twenty-nine states responded to a U.S-wide survey and 13 supplied program-related data for low IRT false screen negative cases (CFFN) and CF true screen positive cases (CFTP) for analysis. Factors associated with “low” CFFN subgroup were older age at specimen collection, Saturday birth, hotter season of newborn dried blood spot collection, maximum = 3 days laboratories could be closed, preterm birth, and formula feeding newborns. Lowering IRT cutoffs may reduce “high” IRT CFFNs. Addressing hospital and laboratory factors may reduce “low” IRT CFFNs.

Association of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination During Pregnancy With Pregnancy Outcomes
MC Magnus et al, JAMA, March 24, 2022 (Posted: Mar 27, 2022 7AM)

Is SARS-CoV-2 vaccination during pregnancy associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes? In this population-based retrospective cohort study that included 157 521 deliveries in Sweden and Norway, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination during pregnancy, compared with no SARS-CoV-2 vaccination during pregnancy, was not significantly associated with risk of preterm birth (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.98), stillbirth (aHR, 0.86), small for gestational age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.97), low Apgar score (aOR, 0.97), or neonatal care admission (aOR, 0.97).

Receipt of COVID-19 Vaccine During Pregnancy and Preterm or Small-for-Gestational-Age at Birth — Eight Integrated Health Care Organizations, United States, December 15, 2020–July 22, 2021
HS Lipkind et al, MMWR, January 4, 2022 (Posted: Jan 04, 2022 2PM)

Pregnant women with COVID-19 are at increased risk for severe illness and adverse birth outcomes, yet many remain reluctant to be vaccinated. In a retrospective cohort of >40,000 pregnant women, COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy was not associated with preterm birth or small-for-gestational-age at birth overall, stratified by trimester of vaccination, or number of vaccine doses received during pregnancy, compared with unvaccinated pregnant women.

Development and validation of a risk prediction model of preterm birth for women with preterm labour symptoms (the QUIDS study): A prospective cohort study and individual participant data meta-analysis.
Stock Sarah J et al. PLoS medicine 2021 7 (7) e1003686 (Posted: Jul 14, 2021 7AM)

In this study, we found that a risk prediction model including vaginal fFN concentration and clinical risk factors showed promising performance in the prediction of spontaneous preterm birth within 7 days of test and has potential to inform management decisions for women with threatened preterm labor. Further evaluation of the risk prediction model in clinical practice is required to determine whether the risk prediction model improves clinical outcomes if used in practice.

Preliminary Findings of mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine Safety in Pregnant Persons
TT Shimabukuru et al, NEJM< June 17, 2021 (Posted: Jun 16, 2021 7PM)

Among 3958 participants enrolled in the v-safe pregnancy registry, 827 had a completed pregnancy, of which 115 (13.9%) resulted in a pregnancy loss and 712 (86.1%) resulted in a live birth (mostly among participants with vaccination in the third trimester). Adverse neonatal outcomes included preterm birth (in 9.4%) and small size for gestational age (in 3.2%); no neonatal deaths were reported.

Spontaneous preterm birth: the underpinnings in the maternal and fetal genomes
E Bhattacharjee et al, NPJ Genomic Medicine, June 2021 (Posted: Jun 13, 2021 7AM)

Preterm birth (PTB) is a major cause of neonatal mortality and health complications in infants. Elucidation of its genetic underpinnings can lead to improved understanding of the biological mechanisms and boost the development of methods to predict PTB. Although recent genome-based studies of both mother and fetus have identified several genetic loci which might be implicated in PTB, these results suffer from a lack of consistency across multiple studies and populations.

Multiomics Characterization of Preterm Birth in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
F Jehan et al, JAMA Network Open, December 18, 2020 (Posted: Dec 19, 2020 7AM)

this diagnostic/prognostic study of 81 pregnant women from 5 birth cohorts in low- and middle-income countries, several correlates of preterm birth in urine and blood were found to be associated with PTB. Although cohort-specific signatures were present, a machine learning algorithm generated a model that was capable of predicting PTB across the cohorts.

Effect of Antibiotic Use Within First 48 Hours of Life on the Preterm Infant Microbiome A Randomized Clinical Trial
CS Kim et al, JAMA Pediatrics, November 16, 2020 (Posted: Nov 16, 2020 1PM)

This RCT failed to demonstrate that withholding 48 hours of standard intravenous antibiotics immediately after birth improved the microbiome or clinical outcomes. Although these findings may challenge beliefs regarding the risks of antibiotics to the developing microbiome, they are consistent with other studies.

Investigating the Impact of COVID-19 during Pregnancy
CDC, October 9, 2020 (Posted: Oct 10, 2020 7AM)

Based on what is known at this time, pregnant people might be at an increased risk for severe illness from COVID-19 compared to non-pregnant people. Additionally, pregnant people with COVID-19 might have an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm birth.

Meta-Analysis of Vaginal Microbiome Data Provides New Insights Into Preterm Birth
I Kosti et al, Front Micro, April 8, 2020 (Posted: Apr 08, 2020 3PM)

We integrated raw longitudinal 16S rRNA vaginal microbiome data from five independent studies across 3,201 samples and were able to gain new insights into the vaginal microbiome state in women who deliver preterm. We found that women who deliver prematurely show higher within-sample variance in vaginal microbiome abundance, mostly during the first trimester.

Rapid MinION profiling of preterm microbiota and antimicrobial-resistant pathogens
Nature Microbiology, December 16, 2019 (Posted: Dec 17, 2019 6AM)

Our results demonstrate that MinION (including cost-effective Flongle flow cells) with NanoOK RT can process metagenomic samples to a rich dataset in < 5?h, which creates a platform for future studies aimed at developing these tools and approaches in clinical settings with a focus on providing tailored patient antimicrobial treatment options.

Mom’s immune system and microbiome may help predict premature birth
A Keener, Science News, November 8, 2019 (Posted: Nov 10, 2019 8AM)

Putting it all together, the team developed an “immune clock” of pregnancy — a mathematical model that links the many immune parameters with how far along a pregnancy is. The model, reported in 2017 in Science Immunology, accurately estimated the gestational ages of a new set of 10 pregnancies.

Deep Learning Predicts Extreme Preterm Birth from Electronic Health Records.
Gao Cheng et al. Journal of biomedical informatics 2019 Oct 103334 (Posted: Nov 06, 2019 8AM)

Models for predicting preterm birth generally have focused on very preterm (28-32 weeks) and moderate to late preterm (32-37 weeks) settings. However, extreme preterm birth, before the 28th week accounts for the majority of newborn deaths. We investigated the extent to which deep learning models based on electronic health records can predict EPB.

Early-life antibiotic use and gut microbiota
L Koch, September 13, 2019 (Posted: Sep 16, 2019 8AM)

Most preterm infants with very low birth weight who are admitted to neonatal intensive care units receive antimicrobial therapy, and any resulting antibiotic-induced perturbation of the gut microbiota was thought to resolve with time. A study reports metagenomic signatures of early-life antibiotic treatment and hospitalization in preterm infants persist long-term.

Prolonged antibiotic treatment may alter preterm infants’ microbiome
NICHD, September 9, 2019 (Posted: Sep 10, 2019 9AM)

Researchers used high-speed DNA sequencing and advanced computational analysis to study stool samples from 32 infants born very preterm who received antibiotic treatment for 21 months. Treating preterm infants with antibiotics for more than 20 months appears to promote the development of multidrug-resistant gut bacteria.

Automated Algorithms and Retinopathy of Prematurity Treatment
WV Good, JAMA Ophthalmology, July 3, 2019 (Posted: Jul 03, 2019 0PM)

Two articles in JAMA Ophthalmology used machine learning to identify a quantitative measurement of retinopathy of prematurity severity for tracking disease progression. The findings may have implications for quality and delivery of retinopathy of prematuriy care and for future approaches to disease classification.

Science Update: Preterm infants with growth failure have key differences in microbiome, metabolism, NIH-funded study suggests
NIH, June 26, 2019 Brand (Posted: Jun 27, 2019 8AM)

Noninvasive blood tests for fetal development predict gestational age and preterm delivery.
Ngo Thuy T M et al. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2018 06 (6393) 1133-1136 (Posted: Jun 14, 2019 9AM)

The vaginal microbiome and preterm birth
J Fettweis et al, Nature Medicine, May 29, 2019 (Posted: May 29, 2019 3PM)

Genomic and molecular characterization of preterm birth
TA Knijenberg et al, PNAS, February 4, 2019 (Posted: Mar 05, 2019 9AM)

Enabling precision medicine in neonatology, an integrated repository for preterm birth research.
Sirota Marina et al. Scientific data 2018 Nov 5180219 (Posted: Nov 07, 2018 11AM)

Spontaneous premature birth as a target of genomic research.
Hallman Mikko et al. Pediatric research 2018 Sep (Posted: Nov 07, 2018 9AM)

Premature Birth
Risk factors for preterm birth include delivering a premature baby in the past, November 2018 Brand (Posted: Nov 06, 2018 3PM)

Blood Test Might Predict Pregnancy Due Date and Preterm Birth
P Belluck, New York Times, June 7, 2018 (Posted: Jun 08, 2018 8AM)

Spontaneous Preterm Birth: Advances Toward the Discovery of Genetic Predisposition.
Strauss Jerome F et al. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2017 Dec (Posted: Jan 15, 2018 5PM)

Six Genes May Hold Clues to Preterm Birth
Genome Magazine, Oct 2017 (Posted: Nov 06, 2017 5AM)

Genetics, hormonal influences, and pretertm birth.
Rood Kara M et al. Seminars in perinatology 2017 Sep (Posted: Oct 18, 2017 6PM)

Genetic Associations with Gestational Duration and Spontaneous Preterm Birth
G Zhang et al, NEJM, Sep 20, 2017 (Posted: Sep 20, 2017 6PM)

Six Genes Linked With Preterm Births
M Fox, NBC News, Sep 6, 2017 (Posted: Sep 06, 2017 6PM)

The significance of genetics in pathophysiologic models of premature birth.
Uberos Jose et al. Minerva pediatrica 2017 May (Posted: Sep 06, 2017 6PM)

Applying Precision Public Health to Prevent Preterm Birth.
Newnham John P et al. Frontiers in public health 2017 66 (Posted: May 07, 2017 1PM)

National Prematurity Awareness Month
Brand (Posted: Nov 08, 2016 8AM)

Insights into genetic susceptibility in the etiology of spontaneous preterm birth.
Parets Sasha E et al. The application of clinical genetics 2015 283-90 (Posted: Nov 02, 2016 10AM)

Factors associated with preterm birth include prior preterm birth
Brand (Posted: Nov 02, 2016 10AM)

Integrative Review of Genetic Factors Influencing Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Preterm Infants.
Blair Lisa M et al. Biological research for nursing 2016 Mar (2) 127-37 (Posted: Mar 15, 2016 10AM)

Preterm labour: summary of NICE guidance
BMJ, November 23, 2015 (Posted: Nov 23, 2015 8AM)

Public Health Grand Rounds: Strategies to Prevent Preterm Birth
Brand (Posted: Nov 12, 2015 2PM)

National Prematurity Awareness Month
Brand (Posted: Nov 09, 2015 9PM)

Preterm Birth
Brand (Posted: Nov 04, 2015 5PM)

The idiopathic preterm delivery methylation profile in umbilical cord blood DNA.
Fernando Febilla et al. BMC genomics 2015 (1) 736 (Posted: Nov 03, 2015 4PM)

What is the basis for a genetic approach in neonatal disorders?
Bhandari Vineet et al. Seminars in perinatology 2015 Oct (Posted: Nov 03, 2015 4PM)

Genomics in the neonatal nursery: Focus on ROP.
Hartnett Mary Elizabeth et al. Seminars in perinatology 2015 Oct (Posted: Nov 03, 2015 4PM)

The genetics of preterm birth: Progress and promise.
Monangi Nagendra K et al. Seminars in perinatology 2015 Oct (Posted: Nov 03, 2015 4PM)

Another Frontier in Microbiome Research: Preterm Birth
JA Jacob, JAMA September 29, 2015 (Posted: Sep 29, 2015 1PM)

High-Resolution Metabolomics: Review of the Field and Implications for Nursing Science and the Study of Preterm Birth.
Li Shuzhao et al. Biol Res Nurs 2015 Jul 16. (Posted: Aug 17, 2015 6PM)

Gestational tissue transcriptomics in term and preterm human pregnancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Eidem Haley R et al. BMC Med Genomics 2015 27 (Posted: Jun 18, 2015 10AM)

Exploration of preterm birth rates using the public health exposome database and computational analysis methods.
Kershenbaum Anne D et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2014 Dec (12) 12346-66 (Posted: May 20, 2015 2PM)

Implications of Epigenetics and Stress Regulation on Research and Developmental Care of Preterm Infants.
Montirosso Rosario et al. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2015 Feb 24. (Posted: Mar 08, 2015 6PM)

CPAP
From NHLBI health topic site Brand (Posted: Jan 01, 2014 0AM)

Also known as Continuous Positive Airway Pressure CPAP is a treatment that uses mild air pressure to keep your breathing airways open. Overview It involves using a CPAP machine that includes a mask or other device that fits over your nose or your nose and mouth, straps to position the mask, a tube that connects the mask to the machine?s motor, and a motor that blows air into the tube. CPAP is used to treat sleep-related breathing disorders including sleep apnea. It also may be used to treat preterm infants who have underdeveloped lungs. If your doctor prescribes CPAP over other treatment options for your sleep apnea, your insurance will work with a medical device company to provide you with a CPAP machine and the disposable mask and tube. Your doctor will set up your machine with certain pressure settings. After using your machine for a while, your doctor and possibly your insurance company will want to check the data card from your machine to confirm that you are using your CPAP device and to see if the machine and its pressure settings are working to reduce or eliminate apnea events while you sleep. For the treatment to work, you should use your CPAP machine every time you sleep at home, while traveling, and during naps. Getting used to using your CPAP machine can take time and requires patience. Your doctor may need to adjust your pressure settings for you. You may have to work with your sleep doctor to find the most comfortable mask that works best for you, to try the humidifier chamber in your machine, or to use a different CPAP machine that allows multiple or auto-adjusting pressure settings. Some patients notice immediate improvements after starting CPAP treatment, such as better sleep quality, reduction or elimination of snoring, and less daytime sleepiness. Equally important are the long-term benefits that you cannot notice, such as helping to prevent or control high blood pressure, lowering your risk for stroke, and improving memory and other cognitive function. Side effects of CPAP treatment may include congestion, runny nose, dry mouth, or nosebleeds. If you experience stomach discomfort or bloating, you should stop using your CPAP machine and contact your doctor immediately. Some masks can cause irritation. Your doctor can help you find ways to relieve these symptoms and adjust to using your CPAP machine. It is important that you clean your mask and tube every day and refill your medical device prescription at the right time to replace the mask and tube to ensure the treatment continues to work.

Retinopathy of prematurity
From NCATS Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center Brand (Posted: Jan 01, 2011 0AM)

Ichthyosis prematurity syndrome
From NCATS Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center Brand (Posted: Jan 01, 2011 0AM)


Disclaimer: Articles listed in Hot Topics of the Day are selected by Public Health Genomics Branch to provide current awareness of the scientific literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the Clips, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.
TOP